Orbits are Odd: Crash Course Kids #22.2 - By Crash Course Kids
Transcript
| 00:09 | you already know how objects like the moon and artificial | |
| 00:12 | satellites managed to orbit the Earth , but there's all | |
| 00:15 | kinds of stuff up there orbiting other stuff that's not | |
| 00:18 | the Earth . So how do those orbits in space | |
| 00:21 | work ? Are they the same as here at home | |
| 00:23 | or different ? Or maybe both . Now as much | |
| 00:31 | as I enjoy our little chats . Unfortunately , I | |
| 00:33 | don't have the time to talk about every single object | |
| 00:36 | in space that orbits something else and explain how their | |
| 00:39 | orbits work . So how about we just go over | |
| 00:41 | a few of the important kinds of orbits instead , | |
| 00:44 | let's begin with what we're most familiar with and look | |
| 00:46 | at how and why Earth orbits the Sun . The | |
| 00:49 | Sun may just be a medium sized star , but | |
| 00:51 | its gravity is strong enough to hold several planets in | |
| 00:53 | orbit , not to mention countless comets , asteroids and | |
| 00:57 | other things . And their planet orbits the sun , | |
| 00:59 | sort of the same way that the moon or artificial | |
| 01:01 | satellites orbit the Earth . It travels in a nearly | |
| 01:03 | circular path around the star , completing the whole trip | |
| 01:06 | every 365 days . But why do we orbit the | |
| 01:09 | sun and not the other way around ? Well , | |
| 01:11 | lighter objects tend to orbit heavier ones and the sun | |
| 01:14 | is the heaviest object in our solar system . It's | |
| 01:17 | about 1000 times heavier than jupiter , our largest planet | |
| 01:21 | and is certainly heavier than Earth . So the Earth | |
| 01:23 | , the lighter object in the scenario , is easily | |
| 01:25 | drawn towards the larger object , the Sun by its | |
| 01:28 | intense force of gravity . As we learned earlier though | |
| 01:31 | , the Earth doesn't totally get sucked into the Sun | |
| 01:33 | because it's moving fast enough around it to avoid that | |
| 01:36 | very hot and probably very horrible fates . That's why | |
| 01:40 | the Earth plus the other planets and all kinds of | |
| 01:41 | space rocks orbit around the sun . Okay , let's | |
| 01:44 | zoom out a little more . Why does our whole | |
| 01:46 | galaxy orbits a black hole ? What ? You didn't | |
| 01:50 | know ? Well it's true but it's nothing to be | |
| 01:52 | spooked out about . Let's start by defining some of | |
| 01:54 | those terms . You know what the sun is ? | |
| 01:56 | But what's a galaxy And what's a black hole ? | |
| 01:59 | A galaxy is a group of stars , gas and | |
| 02:01 | dust bound together by gravity . Our Son is just | |
| 02:04 | one of billions of stars that are hanging out together | |
| 02:06 | in what scientists call the Milky Way Galaxy . If | |
| 02:09 | it shares its name with the chocolate bar , you | |
| 02:11 | know , it's got to be a good galaxy and | |
| 02:13 | the black hole is an object that has a gravitational | |
| 02:15 | pull stronger than anything else in space . It's so | |
| 02:18 | strong even light can't escape it . That's why they | |
| 02:21 | say it's black . Think of it like a bottomless | |
| 02:23 | pit , swallowing up whatever other objects get near it | |
| 02:26 | . Our Milky Way Galaxy has a black hole at | |
| 02:28 | its center , but don't freak out , luckily Earth | |
| 02:31 | is located thousands and thousands of light years away from | |
| 02:34 | this black hole , so we won't be swallowed up | |
| 02:36 | by it . But we are close enough so that | |
| 02:38 | the massive stars , planets , dust and gas inside | |
| 02:41 | of our galaxy , combined with the enormous mass of | |
| 02:43 | this black hole holds us in our orbit . So | |
| 02:46 | for us here on Earth , the black hole is | |
| 02:48 | actually a good thing . Okay , so bringing things | |
| 02:51 | back to our solar system , you know why everything | |
| 02:53 | in it orbits our sun but does everything orbited in | |
| 02:56 | the same way ? Not so much . Let's visit | |
| 02:59 | one of our dwarf planets which has a super odd | |
| 03:02 | orbit at least when compared to the other planets . | |
| 03:05 | Mhm mm . The eight main planets tend to orbit | |
| 03:10 | the sun in a relatively circular way on the same | |
| 03:12 | imaginary plane or level , But the orbit of the | |
| 03:15 | dwarf planet Pluto is weird because not only is it | |
| 03:17 | off center from the sun , but it's also not | |
| 03:20 | on the same plane , depending on where it is | |
| 03:22 | on its path around the sun , it can be | |
| 03:23 | on a higher or lower level than the other eight | |
| 03:26 | planets . Pluto . You rebel . So why does | |
| 03:29 | it do that well , while orbiting the sun , | |
| 03:31 | Pluto passes through the orbital path of another planet ? | |
| 03:34 | Because of its strange orbital path . Pluto s actually | |
| 03:37 | sometimes closer to the sun . The Neptune is it | |
| 03:40 | actually crosses Neptune's orbit . When this happens , Neptune's | |
| 03:43 | gravitational pull forces Pluto into a lower orbit for a | |
| 03:46 | short period before it swings back into its higher orbit | |
| 03:50 | . Yeah , so gravity has a lot to do | |
| 03:54 | with Pousada orbit and it's proof that not everything in | |
| 03:57 | our solar system orbits the sun in the same way | |
| 04:00 | . Let's bring this back to our big question . | |
| 04:02 | How do other orbits in space work ? Well , | |
| 04:05 | they work a lot like things that do orbit the | |
| 04:07 | Earth , and also they sometimes don't . Each object | |
| 04:10 | in space follows orbital patterns that we can sometimes predict | |
| 04:13 | , but there are always oddballs out there that keep | |
| 04:15 | us on our toes . So don't ever let me | |
| 04:17 | catch you saying space is boring . |
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